What Causes Fibromyalgia Rash and What Can You Do?

What Is Fibromyalgia Rash?

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that causes widespread muscle and joint pain, along with fatigue, sleep problems, memory issues, and mood changes. Some people also have skin problems and rash is one of them.

The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) includes rashes in its 2010 criteria as a possible symptom of fibromyalgia. However, a rash alone cannot confirm the diagnosis, as fibromyalgia involves multiple symptoms.

A fibromyalgia rash can vary from person to person. The rash often appears as red, dry, or rough patches on the skin. 

On darker skin tones, the rash may appear as dark brown, grayish, or slightly purple discolorations.

Many people feel constant itching (pruritus), which can be very uncomfortable. Some also experience a burning or stinging feeling in the rash. 

The rash may appear in areas prone to sweat or irritation, such as the arms, chest, and back.

These symptoms may come and go, getting worse during flare-ups.

Causes of Fibromyalgia Rash

The exact cause of a fibromyalgia rash is unknown. Presumably, this is because fibromyalgia affects the nerves, skin, and other body systems, but further research is required. 

These factors can make the skin more sensitive, leading to itching, redness, and discomfort:

• Neurogenic Inflammation: Nerve activity causes the release of chemicals like neuropeptides, which disrupt normal skin function.
• Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction: The system that controls sweating, blood flow, and skin oils may not work properly, leading to dryness and sensitivity.
• Systemic Inflammation: Some studies suggest low levels of inflammation occur in fibromyalgia, making the skin more prone to irritation.
• Neurotransmitter Imbalances: Chemicals like serotonin, which help manage pain and skin sensitivity, may be low in fibromyalgia. When their levels are low or disrupted, it can increase skin sensitivity and discomfort.

Heat, stress, sweating, and friction from tight clothing can worsen the rash, especially during flare-ups.

Some medications used to manage fibromyalgia symptoms can also cause skin reactions, including rashes, as side effects. If a rash appears after starting a new medication, it’s important to discuss it with your doctor.

Related Skin Conditions in Fibromyalgia

Studies have identified conditions like dermographism, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and hyperhidrosis as common in fibromyalgia patients:

• Dermographism is a condition where even light scratching causes raised, red lines on the skin. This strong skin response can make the rash more noticeable and increase irritation.
• Raynaud’s phenomenon reduces blood flow to the skin. It leads to discoloration and sensitivity, especially in the fingers and toes. 
• Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating, is another common issue. It can make the skin damp, which may cause irritation and worsen rashes, especially in areas with friction.

These conditions may not always happen together but can occur at the same time in fibromyalgia patients and add to overall discomfort.

How Is Fibromyalgia Rash Diagnosed?

To diagnose fibromyalgia rash, a person must already have a confirmed fibromyalgia diagnosis. 

The primary goal of evaluating the rash is to rule out other skin conditions, such as eczema, psoriasis, or allergic reactions, as they can look similar.

Doctors begin with a clinical examination, carefully checking the rash’s appearance, location, and pattern to differentiate it from other conditions. 

If necessary, additional tests may be done to rule out other skin diseases:

• Allergy Testing: To check for reactions to specific substances.
• Skin Biopsy: A small piece of the rash is examined under a microscope to exclude conditions like eczema or psoriasis.
• Blood Tests: These tests help check for autoimmune conditions or infections that cause similar rashes.

If no other skin diseases are confirmed during these examinations and tests, the rash is likely associated with fibromyalgia.

How to Treat Fibromyalgia Rash?

There is no specific cure for fibromyalgia rash, but you can manage the symptoms and improve skin comfort with these steps:

1. Moisturize the Skin

Apply a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer twice daily to hydrate your skin. This helps prevent dryness, itching, and irritation.

2. Avoid and Track Your Triggers

Wear loose, soft fabrics and stay in cool areas, especially during flare-ups.

Keep a diary of when the rash flares up. Note stress levels, activities, clothing, and weather.

3. Manage Stress

Stress can cause flare-ups of fibromyalgia, so use these techniques:

• Practice deep breathing for 5-10 minutes daily.
• Spend 10 minutes a day calming your mind to reduce stress.
• Do light stretches for 15 minutes to relax your body and reduce nerve activity.
• Aim for 7-9 hours of consistent, restful sleep each night to keep stress levels low.
• Take a warm bath and get a gentle massage for 15-20 minutes daily.

4. Natural Relief Strategies

Some natural methods can soothe skin discomfort:

• Aloe Vera gel: Apply to the rash twice daily to reduce redness and itching.
• Oatmeal baths: Soak in a lukewarm oatmeal bath for 15-20 minutes to relieve dry, irritated skin.
• Cold compresses: Use a cold, damp cloth on the rash for 5-10 minutes to calm burning or swelling.
• Essential oils: Diluted lavender or chamomile oil may soothe the skin, but always check with a professional before use.

5. Consult a Specialist

If the rash doesn’t improve or gets worse, consult a dermatologist or rheumatologist. They can rule out other skin conditions and suggest treatments like medicated creams to reduce symptoms.