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Lymphocytes are important white blood cells that help protect the body from infections, viruses, and harmful invaders. They play a key role in the immune system by recognizing and neutralizing threats.
Checking lymphocyte levels helps doctors diagnose and monitor infections, autoimmune conditions, and some cancers, making them a valuable health marker.
Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. They help the body fight off infections, bacteria, viruses, and other harmful invaders.
Lymphocytes are divided into three main types:
Lymphocyte levels in the blood are often measured to assess immune function. Abnormal levels may indicate infections, immune disorders, or even certain types of cancer.
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Doctors may recommend lymphocyte testing in the following situations:
Lymphocyte levels are measured through a blood test, specifically as part of a Complete Blood Count (CBC). The test evaluates the number and percentage of lymphocytes in the blood compared to other white blood cells.
Preparation for the Test
A small blood sample is taken from a vein in the arm. The test is quick, with minimal discomfort, and results are usually available within a day.
Lymphocyte levels can vary depending on age, health status, and laboratory standards. Below are general reference ranges:
Lymphocyte levels can be measured in absolute counts or percentages:
Note: The units of measurement and the normal ranges can differ depending on the laboratory, and the specific methods used
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A higher-than-normal lymphocyte count (lymphocytosis) may indicate:
A lower-than-normal lymphocyte count (lymphocytopenia) may indicate:
If you have abnormal lymphocyte levels, your doctor may refer you to:
A low absolute lymphocyte count may indicate a weakened immune system. It can be caused by severe infections, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive treatments, or certain cancers. If your levels are low, consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Atypical lymphocytes are abnormal white blood cells that appear in response to infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain types of leukemia. They may indicate an active immune response or a more serious underlying condition.
Bare lymphocyte syndrome is a rare genetic disorder where the immune system cannot properly fight infections. It occurs due to the lack of specific proteins needed to activate immune responses. This condition often requires specialized treatment and monitoring.
NLR is a blood test marker that compares the number of neutrophils to lymphocytes. A high NLR may indicate inflammation, infection, or a weakened immune response. It is sometimes used to assess overall immune function and disease severity.
This article was written by doctors from the Docus Medical Research team and reviewed by leading infectious diseases experts. As part of our editorial and medical review process, we relied on academic studies, medical research, and publications from credible sources to ensure the information provided is accurate and trustworthy.
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