Pap Smear: What It Can and Can’t Detect

No, a Pap smear cannot tell if someone is infertile. 

Its main job is to check for abnormal cervical cells, which could be a sign of infection or a higher risk of cervical cancer. However, if an infection is found, it might affect fertility. 

If you’re worried about infertility, tests like hormone checks, ultrasounds, or other exams can give more answers.

A Pap smear does not detect cysts. It only collects cells from the cervix to check for infections or abnormal changes. 

Ovarian cysts, for example, are deep inside the body and cannot be seen with a Pap smear. 

However, during a pelvic exam, a doctor might notice signs of a cyst and recommend an ultrasound to check further.

No, a Pap smear does not detect fibroids. Fibroids are noncancerous growths inside the uterus. 

Since a Pap smear only collects cervical cells, it cannot find them. If you have symptoms like heavy periods or pelvic pain, your doctor may suggest an ultrasound or another imaging test.

A Pap smear cannot confirm pregnancy. It looks for changes in cervical cells but does not test for pregnancy hormones. 

The best way to check for pregnancy is with a urine or blood test. If you're unsure, a home pregnancy test or a visit to the doctor can give a clear answer.

No, a Pap smear does not detect breast cancer. 

It is only used to screen for changes in the cervix. To check for breast cancer, you need tests like a mammogram, breast ultrasound, or a clinical exam. 

Regular check-ups can help find any early signs of breast problems.

A Pap smear does not directly test for HPV (human papillomavirus), but it can find abnormal cervical cells caused by HPV. 

In many cases, a doctor may also order an HPV test along with a Pap smear to check for the virus. 

HPV is a common infection that can lead to cervical cancer, so regular screening is important for early detection.